Expanded Programme On Immunization (EPI) Pakistan

EPI stands for Expanded Programme on Immunization. It is a public health programme launched by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 1974 with the goal of making vaccines available to all the children of the world. The focus of EPI is to provide vaccinations for childhood diseases such as polio, measles, tetanus, and diphtheria to children under the age of five. The programme has been successful in reducing the incidence of childhood diseases and deaths globally. In many countries, EPI is now a routine part of health care delivery.

Expanded Programme On Immunization Pakistan

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The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in Pakistan was established in 1978. The programme covers all four provinces of Pakistan, namely Punjab, Sindh, KP, and Balochistan. The provinces have been in charge of carrying out immunisation programmes since the programme's establishment. To coordinate, monitor, and oversee the implementation of the provincial programmes, however, the federal government served as a central hub. The government EPI cell's responsibilities included implementation, providing policy and technical recommendations, coordinating foreign aid, surveillance, and monitoring. The programme further assisted provincial health authorities by procuring and supplying necessary vaccinations as well as other logistics.

Diseases Covered in the Expanded Programme on Immunization in Pakistan

Prior to 2023, the plan focused on Pakistan's nine deadly vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). The programme's current purpose is to immunise infants aged 0 to 23 months and pregnant women against twelve vaccine-preventable illnesses.

1. Childhood tuberculosis
2. Poliomyelitis
3. Rotavirus
4. Diphtheria,
5. Pertussis,
6. Neonatal Tetanus,
7. Hepatitis B,
8. Haemophilus influenza type b,
9. Pneumonia,
10. Measles,
11. Rubella
12. Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine

2023 EPI Routine Immunization Schedule: Pakistan

Goal of EPI

The programme goal is to immunise children aged 0–23 months and pregnant women against twelve vaccine-preventable diseases.

Here are some frequently asked questions:

What is the full form of EPI?

The full form of EPI is The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI)
The programme was initiated by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 1974.

Which vaccine is used in EPI?

Currently, as of 2023, The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in Pakistan is vaccinating children against twelve vaccine-preventable diseases.

What are the new vaccines added to EPI Pakistan?

The new vaccines that are added to the Expanded Programme on Immunization in Pakistan are:

Rotavirus GE vaccine was added in 2017, and TCV (typhoid conjugate vaccine) was added in 2019.

When did EPI start in Pakistan?

The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) Pakistan was started in Pakistan in 1974 with the goal of immunising children against vaccine preventable diseases.

What is the first vaccine for a newborn?

The Hepatitis B vaccine is the first vaccine most babies receive within 24 hours of birth.

Which vaccine is given within 24 hours of birth?

If the mother is negative for hepatitis B (Hbsag-ve), the hepatitis B vaccine is what most babies receive as their first immunization.

What is TCV in EPI?

TCV is a typhoid conjugate vaccine to prevent typhoid fever in children. TCV is added to the Expanded Programme on Immunization Pakistan in 2019 in Sindh and Punjab provinces and in 2021 in Islamabad.

First country to administer a vaccine against typhoid?

Pakistan in 2019 started vaccination against typhoid fever and became the first country to administer TCV (typhoid conjugate vaccine) to children through the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) Pakistan.

Why is BCG given at birth?

The full form of BCG is Bacillus Calmette-Guérin. The vaccine is given to the newborn to prevent childhood tuberculosis.

What is the MMR vaccine?

In MMR, as the name describes itself, M is for Measles, M is for Mumps and R is for Rubella The 3-in-1 vaccine is given to prevent these three infections.

Expanded Programme On Immunization (EPI) Pakistan